23 novembre 2013

Amakuru

Iyo nitegereje abantu, imibereho n’imigenzo  yabo ya buri munsi, nsanga hari ibintu byinshi bagiye bahuriraho kabone nubwo ntawakwirengagiza ko hari na byinshi badahuriyeho, ariko uko kudahuza (la diversité sociale et morale) bikaba nabyo byafatwa nk’inyungu ku babifite bakanabiha agaciro bigomba.

Tugendeye kuri iryo sanisha hagati y’amasano, imiziririso, imigenzo n’umuco, hari byinshi duhuje, wareba noneho n’ibibazo birangwa mu Rwanda no ku banyarwanda, umuntu akaba yakwibaza ati « Twe Abanyarwanda dupfana iki ? »

Nubwo iki kibazo gikubiyemo Inyumvo ebyiri, kandi zose zikaba zifite icyo zakungura abasoma iyi nyandiko,imvugo zose zishingiye ku kwibaza icyo koko dupfana, uburyo bwose  wasobanura cyangwa se wakumvamo iki kibazo « gupfana iki ? » byagusigira isomo ryo kumva koko icyo abanyarwanda baba bapfana cy’ukuri.

Mu nyandiko yanjye rero, nkaba ngamije ko uwayisoma wese yaza gusigarana igisubizo kucyo y’aba apfana na mugenzi we bahuje igihugu. Ndavuga  gupfana bivuga « isano iri hagati y’abantu » cyangwa se  gupfana « bisobanuye kuba wapfa ukajyana iby’Isi wahihibikaniye » nongere mvuge «  kugupfana bijyanye n’isano y’amateka ». 

None se koko, ko uRwanda rutuwe n’amoko atatu,kandi muri ayo moko yose akaba arimo urunturuntu, ruhera myaka na rindi, ntawakwibaza koko icyo ayo moko agize abanyarwanda yaba apfana?

Abatwa bahejwe kuva cyera

Ntawavuga ibyo gupfa (na) atavuze ibyo kuvuka (na), kuko mbere yo gupfa no kugira ibyo dupfana tubanza kubaho, kandi kubaho bituruka k’ukuvuka kuko nibwo buryo  bw’umwimerere usanzwe(physiologique) bwo kubaho k’umuntu (ka mvuge umuntu kuko ariwe nibandaho muri iyi nyandiko) hanze y’umuntu n’ibindi nabyo bibaho, yaba ibimera inyamanswa kandi nabyo bikagirana amasano.

Nkuko igipfa kiba cyabanje kubaho, ninako aho cyanyuze kihasiga amateka, ntawavuga isano atavuze inkomoko, ntawavuga inkomoko atavuze amateka; muri makeya rero mpereye ku mateka ngo menye imvo ya Muntu(munyarwanda),isano iri hagati y’umuntu munyarwanda na Muntu w’Umwami  ukomoka kuri Shyerezo Nkuba na Kigwa w’Ikimanuka w’Umututsi.

Duhereye kubyanditswe mu gitabo bita Inganji Kalinga cya Padiri Alexis Kagame (Umututsi), nawe abikomora k’ubucurabwenge bw’Ibwami, aba akaba ari abantu b’intyoza mu gufata m’umutwe no kudondora, gukurikirana amabanga no kurema amateka yajyanaga n’isimburana ry’Abami n’Abagabekazi babo mu Rwanda rwo hambere.

Abacurabwenge batubwira ko Urwanda kuva rwabaho rwimitswemo abami 43 « Muntu »akaba avugwa nk’umwami wa gatatu w’uRwanda uhereye kuwitwa Shyerezo Nkuba uvugwa ko we yiberaga mu Ijuru(aha agereranywa n’Imana) akabyara Kigwa uyu ariwe waje kumanukira Urwanda, nawe akazibaruka « Muntu » gutyo gutyo kugeza kuri Kigeli Ndahindurwa uba muri USA.

Mu by’ukuri ukurikije amateka ntabwo Abami bavugwa 43,uhereye kuri Shyerezo Nkubaaribo bonyine bategetse u Rwanda kuko hari Abandi bami bitaga « Abahinza » akaba ari Abami bategetse u Rwanda mbere y’umwaduko w’Ubwami bwari bushingiye ku Ingomantutsi yagiye isimburana hagati y’ubwoko bugizwe n’Abega n’Abanyiginya.

Ubwami bw’abahinza bwarangwaga n’iki?

Urwanda rw’Abami b’Abahutu aribo Bahinza rwarangwaga n’ibintu bitatu byari bikubiye mu nshingano zabo bami aribyo (Uburumbuke bw’ubutaka, imyorokere y’abantu, kuvuma udusimba (ibyonnyi) twangizaga ibihingwa ibyo bigakorwa hagamijwe uburumbuke, aha akaba yarabifashwagamo n’umugabekazi bategekanaga ndetse n’abandi bantu twavuga nk’abavubyi bari bafite ububasha bwo kugusha imvura… Ubuyobozi bw’Umuhinza  umuntu yabwita ko bwari (une royauté sacrée).

Ugereranije Ubwami bw’Abahutu bwari bubumbye inzego ebyiri Urwego rwa Politiki n’urw’Imihango ijyanye n’imiganura ndetse ni y’iyobokamana bijyajye n’igihe byabarizwagamo. Ubwami bwagiraga ibirango by’ubutegetsi aribyo: imbuto zigizwe n’uburo, amasaka, isogi n’inzuzi z’imyungu.

Inyundo y’ubucuzi, kuko uyu ariwo mwuga wabo w’ibanze, iyi nyundo yitwaga Nyarushara. Urusengo, ariyo Filimbi y’ibumba. Ingoma y’Ingabe, izi zari zifite amazina atandukanye.

Ingwe, cyari ikimenyetso kigaragaza ububasha bukomeye bw’Ubwami, kandi gihumuriza abaturage ko ntacyo bagomba kwikanga kuko barinzwe n’Ingwe (Umwami) wabo.

Urwanda rukomoka he ? rwavutse rute ?

Ni iyobera rikomeye kuba umuntu yasobanura Inkomoko y’Igihugu cy’Urwanda, ariko muburyo bworoshye kumva no mubyo tubonesha amaso n’inyurabwenge ryacu Urwanda rwaremwe nkuko ibindi bihugu byose byabayeho, Imana irushyiramo abarutura, bagenda basimburana uko ibihe bigenda bisimburana iteka.

Urwanda nyirizina biva ku inshinga « Kwanda » bisobanura Kwagura.Amateka atubwira ko Urwanda kuva rwamenyekana rwari rutuwe n’amako 2,Abatwa, Abahutu nyuma haza ahagana impera z’ikinyejana cya 14, ubukomoka kuri Shyerezo Nkuba uyu akaba abarirwa mu bami bitwa ibimanuka aribo :

Syerezo Nkuba, Kigwa, Muntu, Kimanuka, Kijuru, Kobo, Merano, Randa, Gisa, Kizira, Kazi, Gihanga, uyu gihanga akavugwa ko ariwe wahanze Inka n’ingoma ngo akanaba ariwe ise w’abantu bose, kuba bavuga ko ariwe abantu bose bakomokaho ntawabihamya, kuko ibi umuntu yabigeraranya n’inkuru y’inzozi (affabulation) nkuko turagenda tubona ko ibyo bimanuka byagiye birangwa kenshi na bene izi nkuru byakwizaga mu rwego rwo gukanga no gukandamiza abo byasanze mu Rwanda rwo hambere.

Bimwe mu bisenya izo nyigisho zishingiye ku binyoma (mythes cg affabulation), twabonye ko mu birango by’Abahinza harimo Ingoma yitwa Ingabe Y’abahinza (abahutu b’abami), ibi bikaba bivuga rero ko na mbere hose yuko ibimanuka biza, aribyo bikomokaho Gihanga, abantu bariho kuva mbere.

Ku miyoborere y’Urwanda, umuntu ashatse kubihuza n’uko Ibimanuka byayoboresheje Urwanda Politiki bitaga Ingoma ya Cyami, usanga nta gishya cyarimo ku mwaduko n’ubuyobozi bw’Ibimanuka, kuko bisa naho byagumanye Ingoma y’Ingabe nk’ikirango cy’Ubwami, nyuma bakagenda babihindura buhoro buhoro babyita amazina bashatse.

Twakwibuka nka Kalinga ; kuko n’ubundi hariho Ingoma ya cyami y’Abahinza kandi bikanagaragara na mbere yuko Abami b’ibimanuka baza mu Rwanda, hari abahutu bava mu bwoko bw’Ababanda bari batunze Inka nyinshi zitwaga Urukubazuba (ngo ahantu haba izuba ryinshi warazihasangaga kandi ntacyo ryazitwaraga), hari nk’uwitwa Senteri w’Igakoma k’ababanda muri Commune Muyira, ya ri umutunzi w’inka ndetse ngo n’ubu abahutu b’ababanda bakaba hari bamwe bagikomeye kuri uwo muco w’ubworozi bamukomoraho.

Ibi rero bikavuga ko Gihanga cyangwa abatutsi ataribo ba nyir’Inka mu Rwanda gusa, nubwo bo basa nkaho umwuga wabo kuva na kera bawuhariye korora no kuragira(ubushumba).

Nkuko twabonye ko Ijambo « Rwanda » ryaba rituruka ku nshinga ya kera « kwanda »bivuga gukwira hirya no hino (kwagura cg kwaguka). Izina « Rwanda » riranga ahantu, urisanga ahantu henshi hakikije akarere k’ibiyaga bigari, nko mu ntara ya Busoga iri mu burasirazuba bwa Uganda, kimwe no muri Ankole. Mu gihugu cyacu rero hakaba Rwanda rwa Binaga ho mu Rweya (Mutara), Rwanda rwa Gasabo (banahita Rwanda rwa Ndanyoye) iri muri Komini Gikomero; hari na Rwanda rwa Kamonyi (Komini Taba); ndetse hari na Rwanda yo mu bya Kalemi (RDCongo) mu burengerazuba bw’ikiyaga cya Tanganyika.

Alexi Kagame mu « Nganji Kalinga » avuga ko Abanyiginya bagitangira kwigarurira ibihugu, umusozi batsinze wose wazaga usanga Rwanda (rwa Gasabo). Aho kuri Rwanda ngo ni ho babyariye (biciye) imfizi ya Gihanga y’Ubwami Rugira, n’insumba yayo Ingizi. Ngiyo rero « Rwanda rugari rwa Gasabo » ngo bavuga batyo umutima w’Umunyiginya ugatengurwa n’ibyishimo.

Ndetse bakongeraho ngo « Rwanda rwa Gasabo, urwo mvuga mvumera iwacu ». Mbese ni mu ngobyi y’ubwami bw’Abanyiginya.

Bivugwa ko Abatutsi(Ibimanuka) baje baturuka Ibuganda, binjizwa mu Rwanda n’Umwami w’umuhutu (umuhinza) witwaga Kabeja,mu Kinyankore bisobanura “bareke baze”(ka beije), uwo mwami  wategekaga m’umutara (umubali) kera hitwaga Ibyumba; Abatutsi baje batarwana, ahubwo bazana amatungo y’Inka, baruhukira Igasabo muri Kigali ngali y’ubu.

Bahageze nabo bashyizeho uburyo bwo gutegeka, bafata ubwari busanzwe basanganye Abahutu(Ubwami), bimika umwami Gihanga, ntibyatinze, baba batangiye kwiga uko bazakura abahutu babakiriye ku ingoma, no kubibihugu bayoboraga, nuko ubwo intambara bazishoza batyo kugeza igihe bahirikiye Abahinza batwaraga icyo gihe  ku bwami bwabo, nuko barabibambura, barabica , abo bayoboraga(abaturage babo) maze babahindura abagaragu, abaja n’abaretwa.

Byarakomeje, bigarurira ingoma zose, abami b’abatutsi barasimburana karahava, bakora amateka biratinda, baravugwa, barasingizwa, barica, barakiza, baranyaga biratinda. Nyuma y’Abami bakomoka  bya hafi cyane  ku Bimanuka(lien de parenté direct) hakomerejeho abo mu masano yakurikiyeho (liens de parentés collatéraux), uko ibihe byagiye bisimburana,aha twavuga nk’ undi mwami wimye i Gasabo uzwi mu bitekerezo ni Ruganzu I Bwimba; icyo gihe Gisaka yari ikomeye kurusha u Rwanda rwa Gasabo.

Umwami w’i Gisaka yari Kimenyi Musaya warongoye Robwa, mushiki wa Ruganzu I Bwimba. Ruganzu I Bwimba yishwe n’ingabo z’i Gisaka. Bimaze kuba, ngo uwo Robwa yaba yarisekuye ku nkota kugira ngo umwana atwite atazavamo umwami w’i Gisaka, ubwo akaba atatiye igihango cyo kwima mu gihugu cy’inzigo. Niko babivuga. Ibyo ari byo byose, Ruganzu I Bwimba na mushiki we Robwa babarirwa mu batabazi bitangiye ingoma nyiginya. Kandi bakaba itangiriro ry’ibibazo Urwanda rufite kugeza ubu.

Nkuko muri makeya bigaragara mu mbonerahamwe yo hejuru, wenda hakaba harimo bimwe bya nyisobye, nubwo hari byinshi Abahutu, abatutsi n’Abatwa badahuriyeho,usanga hari n’ibindi bahuriyeho nabyo bitari bikeya, kandi by’ingirakamaro, nko gushyingirana bakanabyarana, ndetse uko imyaka yagiye igenda, wasangaga ari nako birushaho kuba byinshi.

Ibyo batahuriragaho bamwe bakagenda bigira ku bandi ku byiza bafite bagahitamo nabo ikiza  akaba aricyo bakurikiza, dore ko, kugera muri 1990 Intambara y’Abatutsi baturutse i Bugande yadutse iRwanda, hariho abari baribagiwe burundu iby’amoko n’ibibi byayo babayemo ku mwaduko w’abiyise ibimanuka kugera kuri revolusiyo y’ 1959.

Bongeye rero kwibuka imvune Ibimanuka by’abasigiye, bumva ko nanone bije kubasubiza ku Ingoyi,ubucakara uburetwa n’ikiboko, ari nako koko byaje kugenda aho, Abatutsi baturutse i Bunyoro, Nyakivare,Nshungerezi  n’ahandi ho muri Uganda  bongeye kwigarurira Urwanda, amateka aba arisubiye.Nkuko twaje kubona ko na mbere hose, tuvuye mu by’Ibimanuka abatutsi bwa mbere baduka, ibyo bakangishije abasangwabutaka n’abahutu, ntaho byari bishingiye cyangwa ngo bihurire n’ukuri nyako, uretse kugambirira gutera ubwoba ngo babatinye bamenye ko ntacyo bapfana nabo maze babonereho kubategeka no kubakandamiza.

Aka kageso k’abatutsi rero, ntabwo kacikiye aho kuko ku Ingoma zose zabo za cyami karakomeje, ndetse nanubu kakaba hari benshi kagize imbata, ingero ni nyinshi.

• Abatutsi mu burimanganya bakomora ku ngoma zabo za cyami, Abiru b’abeshyaga ko Umwami uzima Ingoma yavukanaga imbuto, nuko uwo bateganije yavuka bakamupfumbatiza Ishaka, nuko inkuru bakayikwiza i musozi ngo umwami uzima ingoma yavukanye imbuto, ikinyoma kikogera.

• Iyo Abatutsi b’abanyabinyoma bashaka kuryarya bavuga ko ntacyo bapfa n’abahutu ko babanye neza cyane, ariko iyo biherereye m’umuryango wa Gitutsi, ntibatinya kuvuga ko ntaho bahuriye n’abahutu, bamwe nkuko biyise Ibimanuka ,ubu hari abakiyita Abayisiraheri b’abirabura. Aha navuga ko intandaro ya revolusiyo y’1959, nabwo abatutsi barimo bigamba ko ntaho bahuriye n’abahutu, bakumva ko bagomba kuzabahaka no kuzabica myaka na lindi ntawe ukopfoye, ubwo, banababwiraga ko bishe Abahinza babo 17, ko bazamara n’ababakomokaho nta ngorane bagize,nuko mu kubishyira mu bikorwa bahera kuri gitera bamwasa urushyi , maze rwumvikana mu gihugu hose.

Aho bigeze ubu

– Leta y’abatutsi bavuye Ibugande n’ahandi, yongeye gusa n’igarura ya ngoma ya cyami ya mbere, mu mwanya w’uruhu ruyikannye, leta y’ubu yo yahisemo kuyikanisha Inkaba y’abanyarwanda,  ihitamo kuyoboresha igihugu ikinyoma no kwica, aho tugeze mu kinyejana cya 21 akaba ariyo yonyine ku Isi ifite uwo murongo wa Politiki.

Icyo dupfana bwa nyuma

Abatutsi bakwiyita Ibimanuka, Abayisiraheri, Abanyiginya, Abega, Abungura, Abagesera…, bose ni Abanyarwanda, kuko ayo moko (lignages) tuyahuriyeho twese nk’abanyarwanda.

Inkotanyi nizo zadukanye umuco wica abantu bafunzwe akandoyi

Iyo dupfuye, twishwe n’urwikirago, Inkotanyi, interahamwe, Ibyo twarunze byose twirirwa duhihibikanira, kenshi ari nabyo bituma duhîigana tukicana, tukagambanirana ,tukaryaryana, tukabeshyana, ntacyo tujyana mu ikuzimu. Ahubwo iyo wakoze nabi ujyana Imivumo, waba warakoze neza ukajyana Imigisha.

Nkaba nasoza njye ku giti cyanjye nsabira Imigisha myinshi Kagame n’ingabo ze. Ibi mbikoreye kuko yakoze igikorwa mu mateka yaranze ubwoko bwe we yakwita icya gitwari, ariko mu by’ukuri akaba yarirengagije isano y’amaraso n’iy’ubunyarwanda duhuriyeho.

Ubwicanyi bwamuranze we n’ibisekuru bye uko ibihe byagiye bisimburana, akwiye imigisha ngo atazababazwa bijyanye nuko yababaje abandi banyarwanda, umuntu yavuga nkabo ahejeje ishyanga, abo yishe, imyaka ikaba ibaye 23, kuva mu 1987, Kagame n’Inkotanyi ze baraje abantu badasinziriye, guhera za Karama, Gikoba, Rukomo, Rwebare ho muri commune Muvumba aho bazaga batera udutero shuma, kugeza aho beruriye Intambara yo kuya 01/10/ 1990, bagera 1994, bakomereza muri Congo barararika kugeza na nubu.

Ubwo barimo kuzamuka mu ntera  yabicanyi mpuzamahanga, ibyo byose bikorwa mu izina ry’Ingoma ntutsi, bikanayoborwa n’abatutsi bacyumva banyotewe kwica.

None se ko iyo umuntu apfuye ntacyo apfana, ubu koko ibyo Kagame Paul n’abandi batutsi yakoresheje, ndetse n’abamubanjirije kuva ku gisekuru cya mbere cy’ibimanuka (Shyerezo Nkuba), Ibibi bakoreye abanyarwanda bibunguye iki? Ibyo basahura se bazabipfana banabijyane? Iki ni ikibazo uwo ariwe wese uba utekereza kugira nabi yakwibaza, bikamuha igisubizo cyo gucisha makeya ku Isi.

Abahutu basubiye mu gukora uburetwa

Njye nkuko natangiye mbaza icyo dupfana rero, nasubiza ko twese dupfana ubunyarwanda, n’ubumuntu, dore ko nubwo “Muntu” yaje yiyita ikimanuka, byabaye amahire aza asanga abandi bantu (abahutu), maze baramwakira, abahemba kubica, nabo bigiraho (ngo ingwe ntiyarizi gufata ku gakanu yarabwirijwe) kuko nabo ab’intagondwa, 1994, baje kwerekana ko isomo barifashe bidasubirwaho, umwarimu nawe nyuma yaho yanga kurushwa, ati nanjye nzakomeza kwesa agahigo mu kwica, kugeza Yezu ahindukiye.

Nyamara ibyo dukora byose twiyibagiza ko “nta kurama kudapfa”, kandi ko nta wurusimbuka rwamubonye. Njye rero nkaba mbona nta cyo mfana n’abicanyi (uburyo bwa mbere bw’Isano). Nkaba nta nicyo nzapfana njya Ikuzimu (Uburyo bwa kabiri bwo kugira icyo upfana, mubyo wahihibikaniye ukiri ku Isi).

Uwumva haricyo azapfana rero”ndamusabye, ntazampeho”! Wowe  se  wowe nanjye dupfana  iki?

 Fungura iyi mbonerahamwe iragufasha kugereranya icyo amoko yo mu Rwanda ahuriyeho n’icyo atandukaniyeho:

 imbonerahamwe

Musoni Alain  

Ikazeiwacu.unblog.fr