Mu bushakshatsi bwakozwe bwise, Uburezi kuri Bose, Ishami ry’umuryango w’Abibumbye ryita k’Uburezi, Ubumenyi n’Umuco, UNESCO, yagaragaje ko gahunda y’uburezi ku isi hose yasubije inyuma ireme ry’uburezi.
UNESCO ivuga ko abana miliyoni 250 barangiza amashuri badafite ubumenyi buhagije mu bijyanye no gusoma ndetse no kubara. Kandi mu bihugu bikennye cyane 40% by’urubyiruko badashobora kubasha gusoma neza n’interuro imwe. UNESCO kandi ivuga ko iyi gahunda ishorwamo amafaranga menshi yarangiza agakoreshwa nabi.
Muri iyi Raporo UNESCO ivuga ko n’ubwo iyi gahunda yashyizwemo imbaraga ngo abana benshi bashoboka babashe kugana inzira y’ishuri ngo byatumye ireme ry’uburezi ryo rikemengwa ndetse kiza no kuba ikibazo gikomeye.
Abana miliyoni 250 z’abana nibura babashije kwiga imyaka ine y’amashuri abanza bakayirangiza ariko ngo bose nti bashobora gusoma, kubara ndetse no kwandika kubera imyigishirize idahwitse muri iyi gahunda.
Ikindi iyi raporo ivuga ni umurengera w’amafaranga ashorwa muri gahunda. Igaragaza ko buri mwaka miliyari z’amadorali zishorwa muri gahunda zitandukanye ku Isi yose , igice kinini cy’aya mafaranga gishorwa muri iyi gahunda itabyara inyungu na nke.
Iyi raporo ivuga ko mu bihugu 31 biri munsi y’ubutayu bwa Sahara, bifata kimwe cya kabiri cy’amafaranga agomba gukoreshwa mu gihugu bikayashora mu burezi bw’amashuri abanza aho abana barangiza nta cyo bazi.
Ikomeza ivuga ko mu gihugu cy’u Burundi 70% by’amafaranga ashorwa muri ubu burezi budahwitse. Aha bavuga ko bagomba guhitamo Uburezi bufatika kuko amafaranga aba ahari.
Abarimu bagomba guhugurwa
UNESCO yatunze agatoki ubumenyi buke bw’abarimu nka kimwe mu bitera iki kibazo. Ivuga ko abarimu bagomba guhugurwa mu buryo bufatika.
Iyi raporo igaragaza ko kimwe cya gatatu cy’ibihugu bituye Isi 75% by’abarimu bigisha mu mashuri abanza babona amahugurwa ajyanye n’uko amategeko b’ibyo bihugu ameze.
Ikibazo cy’umushahara muto wa mwarimu na cyo cyagarutsweho muri iyi raporo, bavuga ko mu bihugu bikennye ikibazo kinini kihagaragara ari icy’abarimu bahembwa amafaranga y’intica ntikize.
Bagaragaza ko kubera guhembwa amafaranga make usanga bashaka ibindi bintu bikorera ku ruhande maze ireme ry’Uburezi rikahazaharira kuko umwanya munini bawuharira iyo mirimo y’indi idafite aho ihuriye no kwigisha.
Iri raporo ivuga ko nihatagira igikorwa iki kibazo kizamara igihe kirekire cyane cyane mu bihugu bigifite Uburezi bukiri inyuma.
Raporo ya UNESCO yagerageje guhuza ireme ry’Uburezi n’ubukene. Igaragaza ko igice kinini cyakozweho n’iyi gahunda ari ikiri munsi y’ubutayu bwa Sahara, hakurikiraho Asiya y’Amajyepfo niy’Uburengerazuba.
Batanze urugero bavuga ko mu munsi y’ubutayu bwa Sahara kimwe cya kabiri kirenga cy’abana bagiye mu ishuri cyangwa abatarayigiyemo ngo nta bumenyi bw’ibanze burimo gusoma no kubara bafite.
UNESCO ivuga ko n’ubwo muri aka gace bavuga ko bakoresha gahunda y’Uburezi kuri bose ngo usanga hari hamwe Uburezi bw’umwana w’umuhugu ari bwo bushyirwa imbere ku rusha ubw’umwana w’umukobwa.
Icyakora ariko UNESCO ivuga ko iyi gahunda hari ibyo yakemuye mu birebana n’imibereho y’abaturage ngo kuko iyo umuntu yakandagiye mu ishuri abasha gusobanukirwa ibijyanye n’indwara ndetse n’isuku.
Bavuga ko hagati w’1990 na 2009 ubuzima bw’abana basaga miliyoni ebyiri bwarokotse kubera ko ababyeyi ba bo bakandagiye mu ishuri.
UNESCO ivuga ko abagore bose bo mu bihugu bikennye baramutse bize bakarangiza ni bura amashuri abanza byagabanya imfu z’abana bikagera kuri 15%.
Mu Rwanda hagiyeho gahunda mu burezi zishingiye kuguha amahirwe buri wese nibura akigira ubuntu amashuri abanza, kugeza ubu ageze ku myaka 12. Ikindi kandi cyagezweho harimo kuba umwana w’umukobwa yitabira ishuri, ndetse umubare munini wabo ukaba kugeza ubarizwa mu burezi bw’ibanze.
Hirya no hino mu gihugu usanga hari abasanga iyo ntambwe ari nziza, gusa ikibazo kigaragara aho usanga hari n’abajya kwiga Kaminuza batazi kwandika amabaruwa asaba akazi, guhindurirwa amasomo mu mashami bigamo muri Kaminuza, kubasha kuvuga cyangwa kwisobanura, cyane cyane iyo bigeze mu ndimi z’amahanga. Ibi bihamywa na bamwe mu barimu muri za Kaminuza zigenga. Kugeza ubu iocyo kibazo kimaze no kototera na zimwe muri Kaminuza za Leta.
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