Yanditswe na David Himbara kuya 16-03-2014
Minisitiri w’ ubutabera wo muri Afurika Y’Epfo Jeff Radebe yavuze kuya 12 Werurwe ko igihugu cye gifite ibimenyetso simusiga byerekana ko abakozi batatu bo muri amabasadi y’u Rwanda birukanwe bakoraga ibikorwa binyuranije n’amategeko y’ igihugu cye.
Ibi bikorwa yavugaga harimo kongera gushaka kwivugana uwigeze kuba umugaba w’ingabo mu Rwanda Kayumba Nyamwasa.
Si ubwa mbere u Rwanda rushinjwa ibikorwa binyuranije n’amategeko mu kindi gihugu ushyizemo Afurika y’Epfo.
Igikorwa cyubugizi bwa nabi cya mbere kandi cyavuzweho byinshi ni ugushaka guhitana Send Sendashonga mu mwaka w’i 1996 i Nairobi aho imana yakinze akaboko abashakaga kumwica baramuhusha.
Sendashonga yabaye Minisitiri w’ubutegetsi bw’igihugu mbere yuko ahunga igihugu kubera ubwicanyi bwakorwaga mu gihugu. Nyuma baje kumuhitana muri 1998 i Nairobi.
Igihugu cya Kenya kimaze kubona ibimenyetso simusiga ko u Rwanda rwari rubifitemo uruhare, rwahise rwirukana abakozi bari bahagarariye u Rwanda bose hanyuma nayo ihita ifunga ambasadi yabo i Kigali mu Rwanda.
Ntagihe kirashira igihugu cya Suwedi nacyo cyahaye gasopo u Rwanda kubera kuneka impunzi z’abanyarwanda kuburyo byatumye Suwedi yirukana umukozi w’ambasadi y’u Rwanda muri Gashyantare 2012.
Muri 2011 urwego rushinzwe umutekano m’ubwongereza Scotland Yard rwaburiye kandi rumenyesha abanyarwanda babari batuye i London ko igihugu cy’u Rwanda gifite umugambi mubisha wo kubahitana.
Nyuma yaho gato umwe muri za maneko z’u Rwanda yarafashwe anangirwa no kwinjira mu gihugu cy’ubwongereza.
Mu bihugu bihana imbibi n’u RWanda, cyane cyane Ubuganda, gushimuta, guhotorwa no kuburirwa irengero n’ibintu bimaze kumenyerwa ku banyarwanda banenga cyangwa batavuga rumwe n’u Rwanda.
Gushaka kwica Kayumba Nyamwasa muri Afurika y’Epfo guhera muri 2010, ndetse n’iyicwa muri Mutarama ry’ uwigeze gutegeka iperereza ryo hanze Patrick Karegeya, twagobye kubyumva no kubibona kimwe n’ibi tumaze kuvuga haruguru.
Ubu bwicanyi n’ubugizi bwa nabi u Rwanda rurimo gukora muri Afurika y’Epfo umuntu yabigereranya n’umuntu waruma cyangwa agakomeretsa abishaka ikiganza akoresha arya.
Mu bihugu byose byafashije u Rwanda kwiyubaka nyuma ya jenoside yo muri 1994, nashyira Afurika y’Epfo mu bihugu biza ku mwanya wa mbere byahise byumva ibibazo igihugu cyarimo ndetse bakanafasha u Rwanda cyane kubera impamvu nyinshi.
Icya mbere, Afurika y’Epfo yavugiye kandi ifasha cyane u Rwanda mu manama mpuzamahanga hirya no hino.
Guverinoma ya Thabo Mbeki yivuye inyuma ishyigikira u Rwanda mu guhosha amakimbirane yari mu karere k’ibiyaga bigari aho ibihugu byinshi byabonaga u Rwanda nka nyirabayazana w’ibibazo byari muri kano karere.
Mbeki ku giti cye yafashe iya mbere mu kunga u Rwanda na Kongo mu mpera za 1990 no mu ntangiriro za 2000.
Icya kabiri, Afurika y’Epfo yagize uruhare rukomeye mu kongera kubaka u Rwanda cyane cyane mu nzego z’ ubuzima n’uburezi ku rwego rwa kaminuza.
Urugero nuko Afurika y’Epfo yaretse abanyeshuri ndetse n’abandi bantu bafite ubumenyi butandukanye b’abanyarwanda kujya kwigayo bihendutse cyane kuburyo barihaga amafaranga angana nay’abenegihugu.
Ubu buntu Afurika y’epfo yagiriye u Rwanda bwatumye u Rwanda rushobora guhugura abantu benshi bari bakenewe mu nzego zitandukanye mu gihe gito kandi bidatwaye amafaranga menshi.
Nka kaminuza iri Witwatersrand yonyine yagize uruhare rukomeye mu guhugura abaganga (abadogiteri) bagize uruhare rukomeye mu kuzanzamura urwego rw’ubuzima rwari rufite ibibazo muri icyo gihe.
Inyungu cyangwa ibyo u Rwanda rwungukiye mukohereza abantu kwiga muri za kaminuza zo muri Afurika y’Epfo, tubihaye agaciro mu mafarango twasanga ari muri za miliyoni cyangwa niba atari muri za biliyoni.
Icya gatatu, kugeza ubu Afurika y’Epfo nicyo gihugu kimaze gushora imari mu nzego zikomeye kandi zibanze. Urugera twatanga n’ ishami rya MTN mu Rwanda. Yashinzwe muri 1998, MTN Rwanda yagaragaye nk’isosiyeti yanjije imisoro myinshi kurusha abantu bose aho yarishye hafi miliyoni 370 za ma Rand, amafaranga akoreshwa muri Afurika y’Epfo.
MTN Rwanda nimwe muri za sosiyeti zifitiye akamaro gakomeye u Rwanda aho ifite abayoboke bagera kuri miliyone eshatu n’ibihumbi 600 bafite serivisi ya telefoni yayo.
Indi sosiyeti bahanganye mubyo gutumanaho ni Tigo Rwanda, ifite abayoboke miliyoni 2.
Muri 2012, isosoyiti ikora isima yitwa PPC yaguze kandi yegukana imigabane myinshi muri Cimerwa, isosoyeti icumbagira kandi yonyine mu Rwanda ikora isima. Iyi sosiyeti PPC irimo irashaka kuvugurura uru ruganda kugira ngo umusaruro warwo uve kuri toni ibihumbi ijana bawugeze kuri toni ibihumbi mana atandatu mu mwaka.
Icya kane, isosiyeti y’igihugu yo mu kirere, RwandAir, ifite indege zija i Joburg buri munsi. Ikindi kandi SAA na RwandAir zifitanye ubufatanye n’amasezerano yo guhuza ibikorwa byose bireba ingendo hagati ya Joburg na Kigali. Kandi indege za RwandAir zijyanwe i Johanesburg muri Afurika y’Epfo iyo zigize ibibazo bya mekanike cyangwa se izindi serivisi zose.
Ikibazo kiri hano: Ni kuki u Rwanda rwirengagiza ubuntu bwa Afurika y’Epfo bugahora bushaka kuvogera ubutaka bwacyo?
U Rwanda rubizi neza ko Afurika y’Epfo itajya ikumira cyangwa ngo irobanure iyo hagize abantu bo hejuru mu butegetsi bahungira mu gihugu cyabo bashaka ubuhungiro bugengwa n’amategeko mpuzamahanga.
Dr Kizza Besigye umwe mubatavuga rumwe na Museveni i Bugande yahungiye muri Afurika y’Epfo and agaruka muri 2005 aje guhatana mu matora yo kuyobora igihugu yabaye muri 2006. Uwahoze ayobora Haiti Jean-Bertrand Aristide yoherejwe ku ngufu mu buhungiro muri Afurika y’Epfo kugeza asubiye mu gihugu cye muri 2011 nyuma y’imyaka irindwi.
Uwahoze ategeka Madagascar Marc Ravalomanana ubu ari mu buhungiro muri Afurika y’Epfo kuva muri 2009. Muri ibi bihugu maze kuvuga haruguru nta nakimwe kigeze cyohereza abantu bacyo muri Afurika y’Epfo kuza kwica kugirira nabi abategetsi babo bahahungiye.
Afurika y’Epfo imaze kwirukana abanyarwanda batatu muri bahagarariye u Rwanda, u Rwanda narwo rwerekanye ubwarisi bwinshi ruhita rwirukana abantu batandatu bari bahagarariye Afurika y’Epfo mu Rwanda.
Ibyo u Rwanda rwakoze ni nkaho bahise bafunga amabasade ya Afurika y’Epfo kuko hari hasigayemo umuntu umwe ariwe ambasediri.
Nyuma y’ibikorwa biteye isoni u Rwanda rumaze gukora muri Afurika y’Epfo, ubu u Rwanda rwataye ibaba kuburyo ubu abantu ndetse n’ibihugu byinshi basigaye bifata u Rwanda rwikorera ibyo rushaka binyuranije n’amategeko cyangwa imigenzo mpuzamahanga.
Igihugu cy’u Rwanda kimaze kuba ruvumwa cyagobye guhabwa akato mu guhabwa akato mu rwego mpuzamahanga. Afurika y’Epfo ntabwo yafashije gusa u Rwanda kwiyubaka, ahubwo ndetse yihanganiye ibikorwa by’ubwicanyi u Rwanda rukorera k’ ubutaka bwacyo kuva muri 2010.
Afurika y’Epfo yagobye noneho kuvuga iti “Ibi birakabije” hanyuma igahagarika umubano wayo n’u Rwanda kugeza igihe u Rwanda rwikosoreye rukongera kubahiriza amategeko agenga ibihugu.
– Himbara yigeze gukora mu biro bya Perezida w’u Rwanda kuva muri 2006 kugeza muri 2009 aho yari umujyanama wa Perezida Kagame anayoboye kamwe mu kanama kari gashinzwe politike n’ingengamigambi. Yaje kujya gutura muru Afurika y’Epfo ariko amaze kubona ko umutekano we utari mwiza yahisemo kuva muri iki gihugu yimukira ahandi.
