Ubufaransa bubitse amabanga kuri Jenoside adashobora gutangazwa mbere y’imyaka 50 *Ubufaransa bwari buzi iyicwa rya Agatha Uwilingiyimana Ubutegetsi bw’i Paris bwakunze guhakana uruhare muri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi, bisa n’aho ubu Leta y’Ubufaransa nta mahitamo ifite kuko amajwi y’abashaka ko ukuri kujya ahagaragaragara ubu ari imbere mu Bufaransa kandi ari kwiyongera. Amakuru yemeza ko hari inyandiko n’andi mabanga ashobora gutamaza Leta ya Paris ku ruhare rwayo muri Jenoside mu Rwanda, aya mabanga ngo ntiyajya hanze mbere y’imyaka 50.
Ubuhamya bw’abahoze ari abanyapolitiki n’abasirikare, imiryango itandukanye n’amashyaka ya politiki ariko ubu bisa n’ibyahagurukiye kumenya neza uruhare rw’Ubufaransa mu mateka mabi y’u Rwanda, ayo mabanga ahishe akajya hanze. Imyaka 20 irashize Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi ihagaritswe, ni kenshi abayobozi b’u Rwanda bagiye bavuga mu mbwirwaruhame zabo ko hari ibihugu by’amahanga nk’Ubufaransa byagize uruhare muri Jenoside, gusa ubutetsi bw’i Paris bwakomeje kwifata. Abashakashatsi batandukanye bagiye bagaragaza ko Leta y’ubufaransa ibitse amabanga menshi kuri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi n’inyandiko zishobora kugaragaza uruhare rw’icyo gihugu. Jenoside igihagarikwa, umuryango mpuzamahanga n’itangazamakuru byashyize igitutu kuri Leta y’Ubufaransa igera aho mu mwaka w’1998 yemera ko Intego ishinga Amategeko y’icyo gihugu isesengura inyandiko zimwe na zimwe Leta yari yemeye gushyira hanze. Ntacyabivuyemo urebye. Nyuma y’imyaka 16, igitutu kuri Leta y’ubufaransa gisa n’icyafashe indi ntera, bamwe mu benegihugu bari gusaba Leta yabo kugaragaza inyandiko zose zigaragaza imikoranire ya Leta y’Ubufaransa na Leta yateguye ikanashyira mu bikorwa Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi. Abashakashatsi batandukanye bavuga ko impapuro zashyizwe ahagaragara zitari zifite amakuru ahagije. Gusa mu mpera z’ukwezi kwa Mata, Patricia Adam, Depite mu Nteko Ishinga Amategeko y’Ubufaransa akaba ari nawe uyoboye komisiyo y’umutekano n’ingabo yavuze ko kubera impamvu z’umutekano w’igihugu n’uw’abantu bamwe na bamwe bagiye bakora muri ‘operation’ za Leta bakiriho hari impapuro zidashobora kujya hanze nibura mbere y’imyaka 50. Mu cyumweru gishize nibwo imiryango itandukanye ikorana n’umuryango uharanira inyungu z’Abarokotse Jenoside mu Bufaransa “Survie” bandikiye inteko ishinga amategeko y’Ubufaransa bayisaba gusaba Leta kugaragaza uruhare rwayo ndetse byaba na ngombwa ikarwemera. Survie yagendeye cyane cyane ku kiganiro Hubert Védrine wahoze ari umunyamabanga mukuru wa Élysée (ibiro by’umukuru w’Ubufaransa) yahaye inteko ishinga amategeko tariki 16 Mata, uyu mwaka. Muri iki kiganiro, umudepite witwa Joaquim Pueyo yabajije Hubert Védrine niba Ubufaransa bwarahaye intwaro ingabo z’u Rwanda na nyuma y’uko Jenoside itangira no gutanga amatariki. Mu gisubizo Hubert Védrine yatanze yavuze ko Ubufaransa bwakomeje guha Intwaro ingabo z’u Rwanda ariko ngo itari izi ko zirimo gukoreshwa Jenoside. Yagize ati “Icyo nzicyo ni uko muri icyo gihe na nyuma numvise ko Ubufaransa bwahaye intwaro ingabo z’u Rwanda kugira ngo zibashe guhangana n’ibitero bya FPR n’ingabo z’Ubugande, izo ntwaro ariko ntabwo zakoreshejwe muri Jenoside. Ni intwaro zatangwaga muri uwo murongokuva mu 1990 na nyuma yaho. Ni ukuvuga ko habayeho guha imbunda ingabo z’u Rwanda kugira ngo zibashe kwirinda kuko iyo hataboneka intwaro zishobora kurinda igihugu no guhangana ku rugamba bariho amasezerano ya Arusha n’ibindi byose byari kwibagirana. Ni ukuvuga ko umubano mubya gisirkare warakomeje nta n’igitangaza kirimo kuba mwamenya ko intwaro zakomeje no gutangwa: Ni ibyo twari twariyemeje byakomezaga, Ubufaransa bwatekerezaga ko kugira ngo hatangwe umwanzuro wa politike, hagomba kubanza kubaho guhagarika ibitero bya gisirikare.” Survie yibutsa ko Bernard Kouchner wahoze ari Minisitiri w’Ububanyi n’amahanga w’Ubufaransa yigeze kwiyemerera ko igihugu cye cyakomeje guha ibikoresho igisirikare cy’u Rwanda kugera muri Kanama 1994, nyamara tariki 17 Gicurasi 1994, Umuryango w’Abibumbye wari warafatiye u Rwanda embargo mpuzamahanga mu bya gisirikare kuburyo nta ntwaro zagombaga kuhinjira. Aha niho Survie ishingira ivuga ko Ubufaransa bwakomeje guha intwaro Leta n’igisirikare barimo bakora Jenoside kandi bubizi neza ko burimo kurenga ku mategeko y’umuryango mpuzamahanga. Ikindi kandi ngo izi ntwaro zarimo zikoreshwa mu kurwanya ingabo za RPA zari ku rugamba rwo guhagarika Jenoside Abafaransa barashaka kumenya ukuri Mu cyumweru gishize, Ikinyamakuru Liberation cyagaragaje ko ibintu bishobora guhindura isura kuri iki kibazo kuko noneho imiryango n’amahuriro by’urubyiruko bikomeye mu Bufaransa byatangiye yatangiye gushyira igitutu kuri Leta iyisaba kuvuga ukuri. Paul Morin, umuyobozi w’ihuriro rirwanya irondaruhu ku mugabane w’Uburayi “Mouvement Antiraciste Européen”, Laura Slimani, Perezida wa w’urubyiruko rugendera ku matwara y’Aba-socialistes, Antoine Carette, Perezida w’urubyiruko rw’aba-démocrates, Laura Chatel, umunyamabanga mpuzabikorwa w’urubyiruko rw’aba-écologistes, Nordine Idir , Umunyamabanga mukuru w’ihuriro ry’urubyiruko rugendera ku mahame y’aba-communistes mu Bufaransa na Sélim-Alexandre Arrad, Perezida w’urubyiruko rw’ishyaka ry’aba-radical bashyize hamwe basohora inyandiko ivuga ko bashishikajwe no kumenya uruhare rwa Leta yabo muri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu Rwanda. Muri iyi nyandiko bavuga ko kimwe n’ibindi byaha byibasira inyoko muntu, Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu Rwanda ibashishikaje cyane kuko inafite aho ihuriye n’amateka y’igihugu cyabo (Ubufaransa). Bati “Twe nk’urungano rw’iki gihe twanze itegeko ryo guceceka tugasaba ko ukuri kujya ahagaragara. Niyo mpamvu tugiye gushyira hamwe tukajya mu Rwanda, aho tuzashyira ubu butumwa sosiyete sivile n’urubyiruko rw’Abanyarwanda.” Bakomeza bavuga ko mu buryo butandukanye Perezida François Mitterrand n’abo bakoranaga mu nzego z’ubutetsi zo hejuru bashyigikiye ubutegetsi bwateguye bukanakora Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi yahitanye ubuzima bw’abantu basaga ibihumbi 800. Politiki bakinaga zitigeze ziganirwaho mu Nteko Ishinga Amategeko cyangwa imbere y’Abaturage b’Ubufaransa zari zifite isura y’ubufasha bwa Politiki, ubwa gisirikare n’ubwa Dipolomasi ku ntagondwa zari zibumbiye mucyitwaga “Hutu Power” Leta y’Ubufaransa yari iziko ari itsinda ry’ikibi, ry’ivangura, ry’abahezanguni n’aba- génocidaire. Iyi nyandiko ikomeza ivuga ko ikibabaje ari uko na nyuma y’imyaka 20 Jenoside ihagaritswe, ba bahezanguni b’abanyapolitiki bahoze bayobora Ubufaransa bakomeje gutwikira amakosa yabo barengera icyubahiro cyabo, bakanga kwisobanura ku bikorwa byabo, ahubwo bagashyira imbere ibiganiro bigamije gupfukirana ukuri n’imbwirwaruhame zihakana zikanapfobya nk’uko bivugwa muri iyi nyandiko y’uru rubyiruko. Nyamara ngo ibyo bakoze birivugira, aha uru rungano rw’Ubufaransa rwibutsa ibikorwa bitandukanye byagiye biba muri Jenoside na nyuma yayo guverinoma y’ibifaransa ibiri inyuma. Aha bavuga nko kuba ku munsi wakurikiye urupfu rw’uwari umukuru w’igihugu Juvénal Habyarimana, muri Ambasade y’Ubufaransa mu Rwanda harahise habera inama yashyizeho guverinoma yakoze Jenoside, aha bakibutsa ko habanje no kwicwa uwari Minisitiri w’Intebe Agathe Uwilingiyimana, byose ngo Leta y’Ubufaransa yari ibizi. Bakibutsa kandi ko tariki 27 Mata, ubwo Jenoside yari irimbanyije, Abayobozi b’u Bufaransa bemeye kwakira Jérôme Bicamumpaka wari Minisitiri w’Ububanyi n’amahanga wa Jenoside yarimo ikora Jenoside na Jean Bosco Barayagwiza, wari mubashinze radio rutwitsi ya ‘RTLM’. Ibindi bagarukaho ni nk’ukuntu ingabo z’Ubufaransa zagiye zitererana Abatutsi bakicwa nko mu Bisesero, n’ukuntu Leta y’Ubufaransa ibonye ko guverinoma yakoraga Jenoside irimo gutsindwa yakinze umuryango puzamahanga agakingirizo ko kuza gutabara mu Rwanda, ikohereza abasirikare muri ‘Operation Turquoise” bakaza guhungishiriza guverinoma yakoze Jenoside muri Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo (yitwaga Zaïre) n’ibindi byinshi nk’uko byagarutsweho na raporo z’ubushakashatsi bwaba ubwakozwe n’abanyamakuru, abashakashatsi n’igenzura ry’inteko ishingamategeko y’Ubufaransa mu 1998. Uru rubyiruko rukaba rudashyigikiye ko ukuri gukomeza gupfukiranwa, rukanenga uburyo abayobozi bakoze ibyo bikorwa bakomeje guhishira ibyo bakoze bitwaje ngo ni ukurengera icyubahiro cy’Ubufaransa kandi aribo birengera. Bakibaza ikibazo kigira kiti “Abo bayobozi nibo Bufaransa?”, bagashimangira ko urungano rw’urubyiruko rw’Ubufaransa bw’ejo hazaza rwo rwasubiza iki kibazo ruvuga oya kuko rudashyigikiye ibyakozwe. Bati “Twe nk’abayobozi b’urubyiruko rwo mu mitwe ya politiki yo mu Bufaransa, ab’imiryango n’amahuriro y’urubyiruko dushyigikiye ko ukuri kujya hagaragara byihuse. Gushaka ukuri kuri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi ni ngombwa. Abagitekereza ko kubeshya igihugu aribyo byiza kuruta ukuri gushobora gukora ku Bafaransa bamwe na bamwe, twababwira ngo Ubufaransa ntibugikanganye kuko buhanganye n’umwete/umurava n’ukuri kw’ahahise habwo.” Uru rungano rwatangaje ko rushyigikiwe n’indi miryango itandukanye n’amashyaka bakomokamo, ruvuga ko rutifuza gusigirwa umurage w’Ubufaransa bw’ejo hazaza uroze, ndetse bagasaba ko abahezanguni bihishe inyuma y’icyubahiro cy’igihugu bashaka guhishira ibyo bakoze barekera kujya bavuga mu izina ry’Ubufaransa n’Abafaransa ndetse ko biyemeje guhangana no guceceka kwa Leta kuri iki kibazo, ipfobya no guhakana Jenoside bishyigikiwe n’abiyita ko bakunda igihugu kandi badashaka ko gitakaza icyubahiro cyacyo. Basaba kandi ko abanyapolitiki bose bakoranye na Leta yakoze Jenoside bakwemera gusobanura ibyo bakoze kandi n’ubutegetsi bukemera ibikorwa byose bigamije kugaragaza ukuri no kugaragaza inyandiko zigaragaza imikoranire ya Leta y’Ubufaransa na Guverinoma yakoze Jenoside babitse. Uru rungano ntabwo rwatangaje ibikorwa byinshi rugiye gukora nyuma yo gusohora iyi nyandiko gusa ngo rurateganya kuza mu Rwanda kugira ngo ruhe icyubahiro abazize Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi bw’umwihariko mu Bisesero. UMUSEKE.RW |
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