The surprise defeat against M23 assault coordinated FARDC and MONUSCO International Brigade continues to be debated in different directions here and there. If the military technically insolvency M23 is quite logical, the vast question running through some observers and profane is what has fundamentally changed in the similar situation that there is a year victory changed sides?
Some attribute the new one gives the reorganization of FARDC consequence of political will resulting from the popular pressure on the political authority of the army after the fall of Goma. triumphalism An exaggerated by an incorrect analysis and contradicted a backhand by Jérôme Ziambi Kengawe graduated from the Royal Military Academy (Belgium). ” The government calls “total victory” … “This” victory “should not hide the extreme weakness of the FARDC. They have tried almost for 4 days to conquer the three hills almost without success. While it took six hours for the South African and Tanzanian come to the end of the tape Makenga. An estimated 140,000 men who fails to defeat 2,000 men was the M23 army. Despite this “victory”, the flaws are still alive, an army in which there are more officers as NCOs, 185 general which we have seen none in North Kivu, 600 colonels over 40,000 sub lieutenants, etc..During the campaign against the M23 is MONUSCO took care of logistics, to evacuate wounded soldiers, an army that does not treat his men army is it? And tomorrow if the South African and Tanzanian go home … what comes next? This smug triumphalism currently drunk Kinshasa should give way to reflection on the reform of the army. ”
Others believe that it is the result of the reaction of MONUSCO has harshly criticized after the fall of Goma to the point that some consensus emerged, both internally and internationally, on put forward this “thing”-spending and unnecessary. This is the case of Colonel Antoine Kasongo who argues that the victory of the FARDC is attributable primarily to the determination of the international community has invested to put pressure on Rwanda and Uganda so that they comply resolutions of Addis Ababa and do not provide military support to negative forces destabilizing the eastern DRC.
“Without minimizing the FARDC military victory on the M23, Colonel Kasongo continues , we must acknowledge the support of the brigade intervention without which the outcome may have to be taken a different turn . Around the head of the Congolese state gravitate two camps: one composed of hawks with Mende and Francois Mwamba and other doves with Tshibanda. Chief can not arbitrate for fear of being treated by the opinion Congolese government connivance or collusion with the attackers. Hawks know that the international community has succeeded in defusing a military conflict in the Great Lakes region that was against Tanzania and its two neighboring Rwanda and Uganda with as theater operations Congolese territory. belligerents have appealed to their respective allies causing a conflagration in the region. geostrategic This aspect is not taken into account by those who believe that Rwanda and Uganda have surrendered after defeat military M23.
” By insisting on a policy and comprehensive solution of the conflict, the international community is aware of the weaknesses of the Congolese army . Moreover, the lower house of the Congolese parliament just an act that makes you laugh all observers defense issues, withholding an amount of $ 1,000 per member to support the FARDC. Unfortunate initiative taken by populist and applauded by ignorant . Let this simple calculation, only the National Assembly meet the $ 1000 X 500 = $ 500,000. These honorable unaware that the blood has no price. they missed the opportunity to shut up. Those who want to divert this amount need only find another way. “
“Jean-Jacques, You will find that in the days that followed the defeat of the M23, the government has not officially disclosed the losses and injuries clashes except that symbolic tribute to the seven killed, a figure that not reflect reality. To do better, we share the $ 500,000 donated to seven families of the fallen soldiers on the battlefield and there will be an outcry in the units who fought because the names of other killed would have been forgotten by the hierarchy. Another mutiny burst. The government has decided to bring the fight to defend the territorial integrity of the country has a duty to take responsibility. “
Curiously, General Bauma Abamba, and Commander of the 8th military region in North Kivu, announced at a recent press briefing on assessment of three days of fighting, ” 201 killed and more or less 800 Tanzanian soldiers wounded and 3 killed . All because Etumba have brought money “honorable” and the figure has been revised upwards. If you had published this article I know that you are preparing for more than three weeks before visiting Etumba; desc-mounted wondo have more credibility with the Congolese public opinion … for its anticipation of events forces . served What this scene to bury seven military while losses announced by General Bauma is 207: 7 = 26.9, or roughly 27 times without counting the number of wounded. Besides the balance Bauma is not correct because it does not take account of missing and prisoners of war which we know the fate . If parliamentarians have paid and the amount delivered to the General Staff of the FARDC, the opinion will know who received what . Blood has no price, it is a 201 killed and 800 wounded more company c is a battalion. (Antoine Kasongo). Images of the funeral of 7 soldiers in Goma http://www.frequency.com/video/goma-enterrement-des-soldats-fardc-tus/130695788
Still others like us, attribute the defeat of the M23 to a combination of factors, including the previous two recall and we wrote in a previous analysis, with a total of 24,955 persons (30 June 2013) and a budget approved (1 July 2012 to 30 June 2013): 1. 347. 588. U.S. $ 800 with an additional estimated cost: U.S. $ 140 million for the deployment of the brigade intervention in 2013, the Congolese people and pressure groups expected at least that this budget colossaljustified on the MONUSCO action on the ground. Action to stabilize the DR Congo, as mentioned in its founding document, the Resolution 1925 of the Security Council of 28 May 2010 establishing the Mission of the United Nations Stabilization Mission in the Democratic Republic of Congo ( MONUSCO ), in replacement, from 1 July 2010 MONUC to better reflect the new reality of the country in these terms:
Acting under Chapter VII of the UN Charter [The Security Council of the United Nations]
1. Decides to extend the mandate of the Mission of the United Nations in the Democratic Republic of Congo (MONUC) until 30 June 2010, also decided, as the Democratic Republic of Congo is entering a new phase, the Mission s ‘call from 1st July 2010 “Mission of the United Nations Stabilization Mission in the Democratic Republic of Congo” or “MONUSCO”;
2. Decides that MONUSCO will be deployed until 30 June 2011 and allows to count up to that date, in addition to the appropriate civilian, judiciary and penitentiary components, a maximum strength of 19,815 troops, 760 military observers, 391 staff members police and 1,050 members of formed police units;
3. Authorizes the withdrawal before 30 June 2010 to a maximum size of 2,000 soldiers of the United Nations areas where security conditions permit;
4. Authorized MONUSCO, while concentrating its military forces in the country, to maintain a reserve force capable of redeploying rapidly elsewhere in the country;
But for more than two years, MONUSCO will slide dan eastern Congolese volcanic furnace to the point that almost everyone will require leaving the Congo.
However, behind the failure of MONUSCO, it was by Sonia Rolley a collective responsibility that must be assumed by all stakeholders:
” MONUSCO may be singled out to right. But all these shortcomings are not enough to explain the huge mess of this conflict in the East. The causes of insecurity are multiple: the weakness of the Congolese democracy, the failure of the reform of the security sector, the illegal exploitation of mineral resources, but also including local land-related conflicts that are too often ignored . This is all foreign assistance to countries that needs to be rethought, not just a mandate: the positioning of the chancery , the allocation of financial and technical assistance, humanitarian intervention strategies …(“MONUSCO: Mission impossible? “Grotius in International Journal of Geopolitics, humanitarian, September 30, 2012).
Adam Backzo specialist armed groups in North Kivu, said about him: ” The position of the MONUSCO after the fall of Goma became untenable. There is a false commitment, false neutrality. If MONUSCO retains this position, the war will continue. ” Moreover, he continues, “the support of the UN mission in a failed army does not currently allow the government to regain control of the east. . . “says Waatibal Kumaba Mbuta, author of ‘ The UN and diplomacy conflict: the case of the Democratic Republic of Congo ‘ , L’Harmattan, Paris, 2012).
The positioning of the international embassies
This is a result of the failure of the MONUSCO as susévoqué by Rolley and it is also a decisive factor that helped defeat the M23 when reading that made Thierry Vircoulon ICG is analyzed In an interview with Afrikarabia November 5, 2013: “A new scenario is written in Kivu.” For Vircoulon, ” The collapse of M23 is the result of several factors. The first one is the economic sanctions against Rwanda (accused of supporting the rebellion, editor’s note). Then there is diplomatic pressure and isolation of Kigali. Third factor is the formation of an effective tactic pairs between the UN intervention Brigade and the Congolese army … “
He continues: ” There was what one might call a ” planetary alignment “French and English on the Rwandan case. Clearly, there was the couple France and Belgium on one side and torque Britain united-states on the other. We know that since the 1994 genocide, the views were “different” in the region. Today, everyone ends up saying that the policy of indirect control and interference Kigali in Congo, can not continue. “
And if the war in DRC remains invariably only a matter of pennies?
Russell Feingold (photo). After this quick victory FARDC on M23, following the hysterical scenes of jubilation of victory, what more legitimate bruised decades, gradually languages people are talking. Following statements by U.S. Special Envoy for the Great Lakes Region, Russell Feingold, who has openly admitted respondent Kagame order not to involve his troops during the offensive against the M23, it was round Martin Kobler to express themselves through the German press. The head of MONUSCO in Congo revealed that he was the real leader of armies and military operations against the M23 field, relegating Kinshasa, more than 1500 Km from the field of battle the Congolese Head of State and its plethora of generals whose opinion the question arises what are they? We saw Kobler not support the troops and not to take action instead of the Congolese authorities.
Over the statements of each other, we realize that this is also the games are played and still play for the rest of this unusual military victory where the winner is unable to impose its conditions reporting to the vanquished, as is normally done at the end of every war where there is a winner and a loser.
In addition, observers are wondering if the current position of Kigali result of poor reading and appreciation of the regional geostrategic situation of the world powers and Obama’s Africa policy by Kagame. Or is it just a made by the strong man of Kigali, the time to pass lightning and return to the regional scene otherwise Strategic low profile? Another form that only he manages to achieve since it creates or proxy that performs the implementation of pseudo-rebellions in Congo.
Since the passage of M23 in Uganda mainly, the first reaction of the United States is that the U.S. government, without taking the time to assess the possible consequences of this war and to provide effective paths peace in the region already considering the lifting of sanctions imposedon Rwanda if the countryproves that he has contributed to the peaceful end of the M23 rebellion in eastern DRC. It is as if this alone sufficed to show the good faith of Rwanda in an area where rebellions are transformed listed without fundamentally changing players and sponsors. Is it dressing or is it a final review of draft given to Kagame to put it back on the regional level through the powerful lobby working for him and that includes big names like Bill Clinton Susan Rice, Herman Cohen and Tony Blair?
About the Feingold, first requiring the Congolese not to pursue the M23 into a corner and favor dialogue face an enemy who is said is militarily defeated casts doubt on the sidelines of the political conclusion war against the M23.
Furthermore, stating the following to justify sanctions against Rwanda, the architect of M23 ” The United States has chosen this year to be firm with respect to our concern that there is a credible set of reports showing that Rwanda has supported the M23, at least in the past. Rwanda is a friend and ally , and we have a lot of admiration for what they have accomplished , but such support for the M23, of course, is inconsistent with our view, international law and, in particular, Rwanda’s own position as a signatory of the Convention . ” So we were honest with our friend. We have, in some cases, imposed sanctions because of a problem – concerns about, for example, support – recruitment or assistance in terms of child soldiers to the M23 and Rwanda’s involvement in this war. “
Feingold said further that “s’ it turns out that Rwanda is no longer involved in such activities, if it turns out that their role in the end of the war was positive … and if it is confirmed that ‘there is a different and positive approach of President Kagame in this new positive process, relative we have seen so far, then we would certainly be willing to consider whether or not to continue the sanctions “ [Financial].
However, the assurance with which reacted spokesman of the RDF, the Rwandan army, Brigadier General Joseph Nzabamwita, suggests that Rwanda could have done otherwise in the region once it recovers and under using suspended by the U.S. administration. The sinews of war is invariably money.
General of Rwanda Nzabamwita said ” The commitment to a sustainable solution aimed at ending the conflict in the DRC and its consequences, including the use of child soldiers remains unchanged. “It keeps the revisionist line consider Congo crisis as an internal problem in the Congo and that his government is the victim of a sanction on issues that are not on its territory or in its practices.Indirectly criticizing the FARDC, which would already unruly after the victory against the M23, he said to remind Americans to their strategic relationship: “The collaboration between the Government of Rwanda and the United States remains strong, particularly in the field of law peace and Rwanda continue to keep its forces to the highest standards of professionalism and discipline . ”
And Congolese in?
First DR Congo, like other African countries, is reduced again to a country illegitimate and extroverted leaders become brokers of political tele-sponsored guidance from Western political and economic actors in the service their international legitimacy in order to Congolese with a fait accompli. In this setting for constitutional presidential term looming in Uganda and the DRC in 2016 and Rwanda in 2017, the machine starts up slowly and gently to create presidents for life as was done under Mobutu and Gaddafi that this community has neutralized the war who made divine heroes.
A practice that Dieudonné Musibono Eyuk’anki calls the criminal strategy ‘télégouvernance ‘ which plunges the Congolese people in misery and chronic absolute poverty by political choices (democratic) and decide wars and imposed from outside . ” A masquerade of propelling the top state leaders made by racist mafia racketeers, “he writes,” who have only interest for quick and easy access to the wealth of the country. of no clear vision or leadership project around which society creates myths where everything is done to show that they work well when they are unable to clearly establish any balance at the end of each fiscal year . ”
Driven by corruption and greed, pseudo intellectuals Congolese and Western courtiers who marched to the court “small negro princes” develop sophistry to defend their “messiah” before the evidence of the failure of DIY .
To realize it, we are already seeing signs of political parties swarm the streets of the capital to boast pseudo military victory, forgetting that there are still forty armed groups to neutralize, particularly in Katanga where everything is done to silence the inability of the army to counter Bakata Katanga.
This can only create popular frustration, destruction of local morals and intelligence, corruption, the emergence of mediocrity and the proliferation of opportunistic and flatterers who accompanied the growing impoverishment of Congolese who see their plate no impact of the propaganda on military performance, economic success and cohesion decreed because of consultations involving a majority of more than 80% of government supporters.
And we can already see this Pavlovian propaganda put into action under the action of the person to whom the “télégouverneurs” Westerners have assigned the mission, Minister Mende, who after a discreet stay in Belgium after the defeat of the M23, where he spoke with a lady in charge of the Western media do the same thing in the West, began clubbing that ” The biggest, most important step was the end of the war that we had in the East has been accomplished. I think now the rebellion of M23 was defeated. This is the first promise that national consultations have ripped the head of state . ”
That Mr. Mende forget is that this ‘victory’ decided by the UN is not enough to operate by a magic wand, deep reforms FARDC continue to receive a monthly salary of U.S. $ 60 or to stop the indiscipline (already reported in the FARDC) and the corruption that plagues this army of 140,000 men lean budget of U.S. $ 250 million (against U.S. $ 5.7 billion for 107,000 Angolan military and still evolving as an army 19th century according to reporters who followed De Spiegel Kobler in his prerogatives as Supreme Commander of the armies in Congo.
And with a population undereducated and misinformed, the term know not undergo will still have time to become a reality in the Congo thrown as food to all kinds of predators worst kind …
Jean-Jacques Wondo
Source: Veritasinfo